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Breast Surgical Oncology Health Services and Outcomes Research Group

The Breast Surgical Outcomes Research Group is a nationally recognized research team committed to advancing breast cancer care through innovative, patient-centered investigation.

About the Group

Our multidisciplinary work explores surgical outcomes, health equity, healthcare delivery, and patient experiences to address critical challenges in breast health. With support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin (AHW), and the MCW Cancer Center, our team conducts impactful research that has led to numerous publications and presentations at national forums, including the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO), American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS), and the American College of Surgeons. We are passionate about mentoring the next generation of academic clinicians and provide trainees with meaningful opportunities to develop research skills while contributing to work that improves patient outcomes.
(Back, l-r) Drs. Cobb, Yen, Cortina; (Front, l-r) Drs. Patten, Walker, Kong

Meet Our Faculty

Meet Our Trainees

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Emi Ampo

Medical Student

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Lisha Chen

Medical Student

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Lauren Cohen

Medical Student

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Meghan Conroy, MD

Medical College of Wisconsin

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Natalie Gaughan, MD

Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine at Florida Atlantic University

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Kshitij Gaur, MD

Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California

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Claire Keuhn

Medical Student

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Josette Medicielo

Medical Student

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Butoyi Odetta

Medical Student

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Mariya Reztsova, MD

Drexel University College of Medicine

Former Trainees

Margart Summerside, MD
General Surgery Resident, Virgina Mason, Seattle, WA

Christine Rogers, MD
General Surgery Resident, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY

Audrey Makope, MD
General Surgery Resident, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

Adrienne Davis, MD
Anesthesiology Research Fellow, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA

Kelley Chan, MD
General Surgery Resident, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL

Hannah Ray, MD
General Surgery Resident, Corewell Health, Beaumont, MI

Morgan Johnson, MD
General Surgery Resident, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill

Elsie Valencia, MD
Family Medicine Resident, St. Mark’s Family Medicine Residency

Samuel Thalji, MD
Surgical Oncology Faculty, Southern Illinois University

Enrique Martinez, MD
Emergency Medicine Resident, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY

Julia Frebault, MD
General Surgery Resident, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN

Maahum Medi, MD
Plastic Surgery Resident, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM

Julie Kijack, MD
Anesthesiologist, San Diego, CA

Recent Awards

Lauren Cohen

Lauren Cohen

First Place Student Presentation: 2025 MCW Department of Surgery Fall Research Symposium & 2025 Wisconsin Surgical Society Annual Meeting

Upstaging to Invasive Breast Cancer and Axillary Noda Burden in Patients with DCIS in the National Cancer Database

Natalie Gaughan, MD

Natalie Gaughn, MD

First Place E-Poster: 2025 Wisconsin Society of Surgical Oncology Annual Meeting

Selected Publications

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2026

Streamlining the Abstract Selection Process for the American Society of Breast Surgeons' Annual Meeting by Utilizing Large Language Models
Cohen LN, Seibert D, Kosten T, Wolfrath N, Al-Hilli Z, Kantor O, Singh P, Teshome M, Blair S, Hieken TJ, Wilke LG, Kothari A, Cortina CS.
Ann Surg Oncol. 2026 Jul 6. doi: 10.1245/s10434-026-20138-w. Online ahead of print.
PMID: 42406210

Closing the Gap: A Longitudinal Review of the Trends of Gender Representation in the Society of Surgical Oncology Membership and Annual Meetings
Gaughan NA, Conroy MM, McLaughlin S, Jeruss JS, Hunt KK, Teshome M, Kong AL.
Ann Surg Oncol. 2026 Aug;33(8):7265-7271. doi: 10.1245/s10434-026-19761-4. Epub 2026 May 11.
PMID: 42108363

Does neoadjuvant systemic therapy in clinical T1-2 N0 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer increase the extent of axillary surgery?
Rogers CC, Cohen LN, Lloren JIC, Huang CC, Cobb AN, Kong AL, Singh P, Teshome M, Cortina CS.
Surgery. 2026 Mar;191:109907. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2025.109907. Epub 2025 Dec 12.
PMID: 41387060. Free PMC article.

Contemporary Nodal Management and Overall Survival of Older Patients with HR-/HER2+ Breast Cancer
Cobb AN, Dong X, Makope A, Cohen L, Huang CC, Kong AL, Cortina CS.
Ann Surg Oncol. 2026 Jan;33(1):118-128. doi: 10.1245/s10434-025-18417-z. Epub 2025 Sep 29.
PMID: 41023545. Free PMC article.

2025

From Podium to PubMed: Successful Manuscript Publication of Oral Breast Surgery Abstract Presentations at National Meetings from 2017 to 2022
Summerside M, Istl AC, Rogers CC, Cobb AN, Kong AL, Singh P, Cortina CS
Ann Surg Oncol. 2025 Oct;32(11):8184-8191. doi: 10.1245/s10434-025-17852-2. Epub 2025 Jul 19.
PMID: 40684019

Current insights into breast and ovarian cancer risk: a contemporary review
Gaughan NA, Rademacher N, Rogers C, Purdy A, Mattingly JD, Patten CR, Cobb AN, Kong AL, Cortina CS
Minerva Surg. 2025 Aug;80(4):334-353. doi: 10.23736/S2724-5691.25.10651-5.
PMID: 40719430. Free PMC article.

National trends in neoadjuvant systemic therapy utilization in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer from 2016-2021: The impact of the KATHERINE trial
Cohen LN, Rogers CC, Lloren JIC, Kamaraju S, Chaudhary LN, Huang CC, Cobb AN, Singh P, Kong AL, Teshome M, Cortina CS
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2025 Aug;212(3):531-543. doi: 10.1007/s10549-025-07750-2. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
PMID: 40459676. Free PMC article.

Breast Cancer Outcomes in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients in the National Cancer Database
Chan K, Cotler JH, Istl AC, Kamaraju S, Petroll AE, Stolley M, Cortina CS
JAMA Oncol. 2025 Jul 1;11(7):786-789. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.1138
PMID: 40402506. Free PMC article.

Are there differences in overall survival among older breast cancer patients by race and ethnicity?
Cobb AN, Rogers C, Dong X, Huang CC, Kong AL, Cortina CS
Surgery. 2025 Mar;179:108896. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.06.085. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
PMID: 39482112. Free PMC article.

Examining the false-negative rate of a negative axillary node ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy in breast cancer patients undergoing upfront surgery
Rogers C, Zeien S, Puccetti K, Jorns JM, Kong AL, Cherian S, Cortina CS
Am J Surg. 2025 Jan;239:116047. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.116047. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
PMID: 39481279. Free PMC article.

2024

Adjuvant breast radiation therapy practice patterns in the United States from 2012-2017
Gellings JA, Cortina CS, Kijak J, Bradley J, Aldakkak M, Bergom C, Kong AL
Surg Oncol Insight. 2024 Dec;1(4):100093. doi: 10.1016/j.soi.2024.100093. Epub 2024 Aug 25.
PMID: 39555478. Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Risk Factors for Skin Flap and Nipple-Areolar Necrosis in Patients Undergoing Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy With Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Reconstruction
Ray HR, Doren EL, Adamson K, Kong AL, Cortina CS
Am Surg. 2024 Nov;90(11):2769-2779. doi: 10.1177/00031348241250039. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
PMID: 38671547

Postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum after mastectomy with a familial component
Rogers CC, Nepper J, Holzem KE, Cortina CS
J Surg Case Rep. 2024 Oct 22;2024(10):rjae667. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjae667. eCollection 2024 Oct.
PMID: 39439812. Free PMC article.

The Use of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy for DCIS
Johnson MK, Cortina CS, Aldakkak M, Huang CC, Kong AL
Clin Breast Cancer. 2024 Oct;24(7):611-619. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.07.003. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
PMID: 39127597. Free PMC article.

Evaluating the Accuracy, Quality, and Readability of Online Breast Cancer Information
Valencia EA, Cortina CS, Cobb AN, Chaudhary LN, Kelly T, Kong AL
Ann Surg Open. 2024 Jul 15;5(3):e465. doi: 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000465. eCollection 2024 Sep.
PMID: 39310356. Free PMC article.

A systematic review of sebaceous carcinoma of the breast from 2000-2023: A rare entity with high recurrence rates
Cohen LN, Flanagan C, Kong AL, Cortina CS
Surg Oncol Insight. 2024 Sep;1(3):100074. doi: 10.1016/j.soi.2024.100074. Epub 2024 Jul 4.
PMID: 39130075. Free PMC article. No abstract available.

National trends in neoadjuvant chemotherapy utilization in patients with early-stage node-negative triple-negative breast cancer: the impact of the CREATE-X trial
Rogers C, Cobb AN, Lloren JIC, Chaudhary LN, Johnson MK, Huang CC, Teshome M, Kong AL, Singh P, Cortina CS
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Jan;203(2):317-328. doi: 10.1007/s10549-023-07114-8. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
PMID: 37864105. Free PMC article.  

2023

National Trends in "Going Flat" After Mastectomy
Johnson MK, Cortina CS, Hsu TL, Huang S, Frebault J, Huang CC, Kong AL
Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct;30(11):6374-6382. doi: 10.1245/s10434-023-13845-1. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
PMID: 37458947

Associations Between Hospital Volume and Overall Survival After Surgery in Older Patients with Breast Cancer
Thalji SZ, Cortina CS, Frebault J, Cho Y, Thorgerson A, Bergom CR, Huang CC, Kong AL
Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct;30(11):6462-6470. doi: 10.1245/s10434-023-13725-8. Epub 2023 Jun 14.
PMID: 37314545

Postoperative Complications from Breast and Axillary Surgery
Thalji SZ, Cortina CS, Guo MS, Kong AL
Surg Clin North Am. 2023 Feb;103(1):121-139. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2022.08.007. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
PMID: 36410345. Review.

Annual cost-savings with the implementation of estrogen-receptor-only testing on Ductal Carcinoma in Situ specimens
Gellings JA, Cortina CS, Jorns JM, Johnson MK, Huang CC, Kong AL
Am J Surg. 2023 Feb;225(2):304-308. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.09.060. Epub 2022 Oct 19.
PMID: 36283883

Primary Breast Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database
Martinez EO, Jorns JM, Kong AL, Kijak J, Lee WY, Huang CC, Cortina CS
Ann Surg Oncol. 2022 Oct;29(10):6339-6346. doi: 10.1245/s10434-022-12123-w. Epub 2022 Jul 4.
PMID: 35789311. Free PMC article.

2022

Treatment Patterns in Women Age 80 and Over With DCIS: A Report From the National Cancer Database
Frebault J, Bergom C, Cortina CS, Shukla ME, Zhang Y, Huang CC, Kong AL
Clin Breast Cancer. 2022 Aug;22(6):547-552. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.04.004. Epub 2022 Apr 22.
PMID: 35595612

Prognostic Outcomes of Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Breast
Mehdi M, Kong AL, Frebault J, Huang S, Huang CC, Cortina CS
J Surg Res. 2021 Aug;264:138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.02.020. Epub 2021 Apr 3.
PMID: 33823490. Free PMC article.